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64 DAYSPA | NOVEMBER 2014 gentle options elastin in the process. Applied topicals are also passed through to the dermal/epidermal junction, where they can be more active. "Depth is extremely important— we don't ever go into the dermis," McElroy says. "The treatment of- fers a two-fold effect: stimulating collagen and elastin production, and activating skin's natural repair mechanisms. Hyperpigmentation Why it happens: Hyperpigmentation is one of the most common signs of aging skin. When it occurs with natu- ral aging, the primary cause is lifestyle choices , says Hancock. "If you don't use sunscreen when you're young, the effects will show up as you age in the form of hyperpigmentation," she adds. However, pigmentation problems can occur in people of all ages due to certain medical conditions, including Addison's disease, Cushing's disease and melasma, and then remain as a person ages. Medical-level treatments for treat- ing pigmentation problems include: • Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) In IPL, specifi c wavelengths of nonlaser, high-intensity light penetrate the skin to break up clusters of red and brown pigments. The clusters then slough off the skin's surface. There isn't true downtime for these treat- ments, but the client's skin will be red and sensitive afterward and, because of its intensity, IPL must be performed by a nurse or physician. • Fractional lasers Described on page 58 as a treatment for slacken- ing skin, this form of carbon dioxide laser resurfacing treatment requires less downtime than more traditional forms, but clients can still spend up to two days recovering. • Medical-grade peels All peels involve the removal of the skin's upper layers. Medical-grade peels, which include those using tri- chloroacetic acid (TCA), Jessner's Solution (made from resorcinol and lactic and salicylic acids) and the very strong phenol acid, are performed by a doctor or medical esthetician under the supervision of a dermatologist, depending on the peel's strength. Although these peels can remove very deep and extensive hyperpigmentation, clients will experience swelling, redness, fl aking and peeling that could last for more than a week. Alternative spa treatments for treating pigmentation problems include: • Microphototherapy Along with smoothing fi ne lines and wrinkles (see page 58), microphototherapy is useful for refi ning pigmenta- tion, reports Hancock. "It's the dayspamagazine.com/freeinfo • Use FreeInfo #32 www.apothederm.com Where Science Meets Beauty TM Patented SmartPeptide technology Clinically proven results Consumer solutions for anti-aging, brightening, blemishes, stretch marks Business builder program Updated packaging TM Email info@apothederm.com or call 877-496-0038 to learn more about wholesale opportunities.